Project Reports – Recommendations and Notes

The abstract should include: what you are doing; why you are doing it; how you did it (designed using some tool); what are the main results (numbers: at what frequency, what gain, what ripple, ...) and finally what the main contribution and/or conclusion is. Be specific. For example: Abstract—This paper describes the design, implementation and characterization of a high-efficiency 10-GHzThis paper describes the design, implementation and characterization of a high-efficiency 10-GHz amplifier with dynamic drain bias control that maintains high efficiency over a range of output power levels. The power amplifier operates in class-E switched mode with 67% drain efficiency at an output power of 20.3dBm, 0.7dB less than the specified maximum power for the device. A coupler and detector at the output of the PA provide a feedback signal to the drain bias controller based on a 96% efficient Buck DC-DC converter. Over an output power between 15 and 20dBm, the drain bias varies from 2V to 4V, and the efficiency improves from 22% to 65% at the lower power level. The efficiency includes the losses in the DC-DC converter. When compared with a PA with constant drain bias (4V), the average efficiency of the PA with dynamic biasing for uniform probability distribution of the output power is improved by a factor of 1.4. Introduction: The introduction should explain in more detail what you are doing, should give the background (briefly) and present clearly and objectively the state of the art. The biggest part of this is to do a good literature search and read through the papers that are relevant. You should not just list the references, but rather briefly say something about what they present. At the end of the introduction, it is often helpful to give an outline of your paper. Here is a very short introduction that contains everything mentioned. Typically, introductions are longer and more background should be included. The reviewers may ask for shortening after you convinced them you read everyone’s work. SPATIAL power combining of transistor amplifiers has been a topic of research in the past decade [1]. In this approach, the powers of a large number of amplifiers are combined in free space upon radiation from an antenna array. Grid amplifiers have been demonstrated up to 35 GHz with 5W output power, at 21% efficiency [2]. Small tray arrays in waveguide have demonstrated very high power levels over X-band of 120W[3]. Standard antenna arrays loaded with amplifiers have also been demonstrated up to V-band [4], [5], [6]. Most of these arrays are planar transmission amplifiers and therefore cannot have heat sinks. This results in temperature gradients across the arrays, which degrade the gain and power [7]. The problem addressed in this paper is reduction of heat dissipation and improvement of DC-power usage by increasing the power-added efficiency (PAE) and drain efficiency (_D) of the power amplifiers (PAs). These efficiencies are maximized by operating the devices in switched mode [8] and using a low-loss corporate input network, while maintaining the spatial output power combining as in [9]. The design of a high-efficiency active array is performed in several stages presented in the following sections: 1. Section II describes the class-E PA design and characterization, along with repeatability issues. 2. Section III describes the antenna element design. The antenna chosen in this approach is a broadband multi-layer patch. 3. Section IV describes the 4-element subarray design, including corporate feed and bias network. Measurements of the subarray are also presented and serve as a baseline for assessing the power combining efficiency (PCE). 4. Section V describes the 16-element spatial power combiner with 70% drain-efficiency and 79% power combining efficiency, and the paper concludes with a summary and outlook of the applicability of this approach. Figures and captions: Many readers do not read the text, but look at the abstract, and then figures and captions. Therefore, the figures need to be very clear (especially Fig.1) and the captions need to completely explain the figure. Even if it is in the text, the reader should not be forced to look back and forth. In plots, the font should be about the same size as the text font and most of the plot should be filled with data. The caption should indicate clearly if the plots are simulated, measured or both. It should explain all relevant conditions under which the data was obtained. ain text: M few common things I have noticed in your reports: re separated on different rs such as “pretty good”, “horrible match”, “good